The risk factors
Smoking:
Smoking is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease. For a smoker, quitting smoking is the most effective way to prevent cardiovascular disease. It is estimated that a lifetime smoker has a one-in-two chance of dying from a tobacco-related disease. Passive tobacco consumption (called "passive smoking"), also a risk factor, can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease by up to 30%. Contrary to popular belief, any form of tobacco consumption is dangerous, including low-tar cigarettes falsely called "light," filtered cigarettes, cigars and pipes.
Recommendations
If you still smoke, we recommend that you stop smoking. Quitting smoking can be difficult. There are many solutions available to help you stop. Your doctor can advise you on the best options for you, whether it’s a patch, apps, or a different method. Your family and friends may be able to help, too.
It is never too late to quit, and quitting smoking reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, even if you have been smoking for many years.
Diabetes:
On average, people with diabetes have a risk of cardiovascular disease that is twice as high as people who don’t. However, good diabetes control (including blood sugar control) can reduce this risk.
Recommendations
To improve blood glucose control, the European Society of Cardiology and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes recommend several measures:
- Weight control to maintain a normal BMI
- Weight control and weight loss to get your weight closer to a normal BMI
- Regular physical activity
- In patients undergoing treatment (tablets or insulin), taking drugs as recommended by a doctor
Cholesterol levels:
Cholesterol has 2 main forms: "good" cholesterol (or HDL), which reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease, and "bad" cholesterol (LDL), which increases the risk. When the LDL level is too high, the risk of cardiovascular disease increases; therefore, you may wish to lower your rate of "bad cholesterol."
Recommendations
There are several complementary ways to improve LDL cholesterol levels:
- The European Society of Cardiology recommends a diet that reduces the consumption of saturated fatty acids
- Regular physical activity may reduce LDL cholesterol levels
- Medication may be required
Recommendations
Because LDL cholesterol levels can significantly impact cardiovascular risk, you may want to ask your doctor whether you should have a blood test to check it.
Blood pressure:
High blood pressure is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Overall, 30 to 45% of the world's adult population suffers from hypertension.
Recommendations
There are several complementary ways to reduce blood pressure:
- An appropriate diet is important, especially one that reduces salt intake
- Regular physical activity improves blood pressure levels
- Medication may be required
Recommendations
Blood pressure has a significant impact on cardiovascular risk. If you do not know your blood pressure profile, we suggest asking your doctor to take a blood pressure measurement at your next visit or measuring it with an approved at-home device.
Being overweight or obese:
Being overweight or obese is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In fact, being overweight can lead to other conditions such as diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure. Conversely, weight loss can prevent these complications.
Recommendations
Losing weight and maintaining an "optimal" weight can be difficult. Here are some tips that may help you:
- Set the right goal for yourself: people who set a weight goal are twice as likely to lose weight. However, make sure that you set a realistic goal so that you are not discouraged.
- Put on your sneakers: people who regularly walk 10,000 steps a day are 9% less likely to develop obesity.
- Weigh yourself regularly: people who weigh themselves at least twice a week lose, on average, 4 times more weight than those who don’t.
Physical activity:
Regular physical activity reduces the risk of many health problems, regardless of your age. Physical activity, even low-intensity activity, has a positive effect on risk factors for cardiovascular events, including blood pressure, cholesterol, weight and type 2 diabetes. A sedentary lifestyle is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
Recommendations
We can never repeat it enough: being active doesn’t mean you have to run every day. It may mean simply walking throughout the day. Recent studies show that every step is beneficial to cardiovascular health. So if you don't have a specific step goal, set one now and make sure it is realistic so you don't get discouraged.
Nutrition:
Dietary habits have a significant influence on cardiovascular conditions and chronic diseases, including cancers. The energy intake should be limited to the energy necessary to maintain a healthy weight (BMI between 20 and 25).
History of heart diseases:
People who have suffered from cardiovascular disease may be subject to relapse. This risk automatically classifies them as having a high risk of cardiovascular disease.
Recommendations
Unfortunately, it is quite difficult to estimate this risk accurately for people who have already been affected. We recommend that you follow your doctor's advice and comply with your medical treatments.
In 2016, the European Society of Cardiology published a comprehensive study on cardiovascular risk factors, risk assessment and prevention. The objective of this study was to give individuals the tools to assess their risk of suffering a fatal cardiovascular event in the coming years and explain how to reduce this risk.*
At Withings, we believe that health is our most important asset. We have created this survey based on the European Society of Cardiology study results so you can be aware of your cardiovascular health and take action if needed.